Eli Rohaeti, Isana Supiah Yosephine Louise, Dini Rohmawati, Azlan Kamari
Nanocellulose is a natural nanomaterial that can be extracted from plant cell walls. Nanocellulose can inhibit microbial growth but is very weak. The antimicrobial properties of nanocellulose can be improved by the addition of nanoparticles. This research was conducted to determine the effect of variations in sulfuric acid concentration in the synthesis of bagasse nanocellulose (Saccharum officinarum L.) and the characteristics of silver nanoparticles synthesized using a green betel extract (Piper betle L.) bioreductant. Nanocellulose that has been grafted silver nanoparticles was tested to determine the antimicrobial activity. Nanocellulose was synthesized using acid hydrolysis method with various concentrations of sulfuric acid 30, 50 and 70%. The results of the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test showed that the percentage of crystallinity of the nanocellulose produced was 65.68%, 52.63% and 49.38%. Nanocellulose which has been combined with silver nanoparticles synthesized using a green betel leaf bioreductant (Piper Betle L.) was tested to determine its antimicrobial activity. The results of the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with green betel leaf bioreductant using the ultrasonication method showed an absorbance of 0.465 at a wavelength of 443 nm in the Ultraviolet-visible (Uv-Vis) test and a particle size of 44.6 nm in the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) test. The antimicrobial activity that has been carried out shows that the nanocellulose hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid with a concentration of 70% grafted silver nanoparticles is the most effective in inhibiting bacteria and fungi. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test obtained an average diameter of 75.7 nm. © 2025 Author(s).
Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
