Yosef Budiman, Agus Widyianto, Moch Solikin, Agus Budiman, Beni Setya Nugraha
The research focused on the evaluation and testing concept to evaluate developed works before being validated through specified tests to identify the strength of the eSAF frame (Enhanced Smart Architecture Frame) in withstanding passenger loads. A remodeling approach was employed, consisting of conducting observations and redrawing the eSAF frame for the finite element analysis (FEA) modeling to obtain static structural loading simulation results. Comparisons of these simulation results were made in reference to the required standards for each parameter a) displacement, b) Von Mises stress, and c) safety factor). The findings demonstrated test data obtained from two phases, namely 1) Total Area and 2) Cracking Area, which respectively consisted of; total displacement: 0.1333 mm1) and 0.002794 mm2), Von Mises stress: 287,1 MPa1) and 10,79 MPa2), and safety factor: 15 ul1) and 15 ul2). In comparison to the standards, these were recorded: maximum displacement of 10.54 mm, maximum Von Mises stress of 680 MPa, and a minimum safety factor of 1.35. Those findings indicated that the strength of the eSAF frame was sufficient to withstand passenger loads up to double the normal load. The observations also reinforced the results of the analysis, revealing the presence of silicates that could not be coated with paint. This suggests that frame cracking resulted from rust that spread and worsened the frame's condition due to coats of uneven paint on the entire parts of the frame. © 2025 Author(s).
Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta, 55652, Indonesia; School of Manufacturing Systems and Mechanical Engineering, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Bangkok, 12120, Thailand
