Zaenal Arifin, Rustam Asnawi, Moh. Khairudin
The integration of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine generators (WTG), into the power systems of remote islands is an effective strategy to reduce carbon emissions and decrease dependence on diesel generators. By replacing diesel-generated electricity with PV-WTG hybrid energy, significant carbon emission reductions can be achieved. Given the diesel fuel emission factor of 2.68 kg CO2-eq per liter, the estimated annual emission reduction is 6,103 tons CO2-eq per year. The integration of PV and WTG into the local grid not only contributes to carbon reduction but also improves energy security and sustainability in remote areas. This research investigates the impact of a hybrid PV and WTG system on carbon emission reduction in Karimunjawa Island, Indonesia, using the Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) Diesel method. The study proposes a research model involving 800 kWp solar PV and a 750 kW Goldwind WTG. Parameters include annual energy consumption, wind speed variations, and solar irradiance. Based on prior studies, hybrid systems have proven effective in reducing fuel consumption and emissions in island settings, but detailed evaluation on fuel savings and emission outcomes using actual system sizing remains limited. The proposed model simulates electricity generation from both PV and WTG based on local NASA satellite data and compares it against existing diesel-only generation. This study highlights the importance of transitioning to renewable energy sources in remote and off-grid island communities, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and supporting Indonesia's decarbonization goals. This study analyzes the impact of PV-WTG hybrid power plants on carbon emission reduction in Karimunjawa Island, using the Diesel Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) approach. The annual energy consumption in Karimunjawa reaches 5,284,317.3 kWh, with an average SFC of 0.431 liters/kWh, resulting in an annual diesel fuel consumption of 2,277,640.69 liters. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Department of Electrical Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama, Jepara, Indonesia
