Wipsar Sunu Brams Dwandaru, Septiana Rahmawati, Rhyko Irawan Wisnuwijaya, Yusman Wiyatmo, S. Suparno, S. Supardi
Graphite solution obtained from a carbon rod of zinc-carbon (ZnC) battery wastes has been irradiated using X-ray in liquid-phase with the assistance of commercial detergent. This study is conducted by preparing graphite and detergent powder, each with an amount of 0.6 grams in 100ml distilled water. X-ray irradiation with a voltage of 30kV is performed upon the sample solutions with varying irradiation time durations of 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The sample solutions with and without X-ray irradiation are characterized using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis results show decreasing GO absorbance values at a peak of 235nm after 1 hour of X-ray irradiation. The GO peak disappears for 2 and 3 hours of X-ray irradiation, but a peak at 270nm occurs indicating an early formation of reduced GO. SEM images show bulky materials before X-ray irradiation and rectangular-like materials after X-ray irradiation. There is a reduction in the sizes of these materials from 4 microns to 2 microns with X-ray irradiation. XRD results show an amorphous phase produced after irradiation. Finally, the FTIR results show similar profiles of the sample solutions for all variations of the irradiation time. The FTIR peaks at 3450cm-1 and 1637cm-1 corresponding to OH and C=C functional groups, respectively, are decreasing at the irradiation time is increased. © 2019 Author(s).
Physics Education Department, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
