Baharuddin Hasan, S. Sumaryanti, Sigit Nugroho, A. Arrahman, Muhammad Teguh Prasetyo
Sprint performance is the principal determinant of success in para-athletics sprint events, yet speed-training models for athletes with physical disabilities (tuna daksa) remain scarce and are frequently adapted ad hoc from programmes designed for non-disabled athletes. This study aimed to (1) develop an integrated speed-training model IS-PARD (Interval Sprint, Plyometric, and ABC Running Drill) for physically disabled sprinters; (2) evaluate its feasibility; and (3) test its effectiveness. A Research and Development (R&D) design following the Borg and Gall procedure was used. Validation involved four content experts and one media expert; product trials were conducted on a small scale (10 athletes) and a large scale (30 athletes), and effectiveness was tested on 30 para-athletics sprinters (10 women, 20 men) of the Papua National Paralympic Committee over 16 training sessions, with sprint speed assessed by a 30-m sprint test. Content validity (Aiken’s V) and inter-rater reliability (ICC) were examined; effectiveness was analysed using a paired-samples t-test (SPSS 29). The model yielded a guidebook containing nine IS-PARD training variations. Feasibility was rated as feasible by content experts (87.50%) and the media expert (92.30%). The model significantly improved sprint speed (t(29) = 12.89, p < 0.001; Cohen’s dz = 2.35), with mean 30-m sprint time decreasing from 4.84 s to 4.42 s overall (8.64% improvement; men 8.23%, women 9.29%). The IS-PARD model is a feasible and effective disability-specific tool for developing sprint speed in tuna daksa para-athletes. © 2026 Authors.
Faculty of Sports Science and Health, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Muhamadiyah Cirebon, UMC, Indonesia; Faculty of Sports Education and Training, Universitas Cenderawasih, Indonesia
