Eli Rohaeti, Rasamimanana Joronavalona, Isana Syl, Dini Rohmawati, Isti Yunita, Susila Kristianingrum, Maonja Finaritra Rakotondramanga
This study investigates silver nanoparticles synthesised via bioreduction of water hyacinth leaf extract using ultrasound, and their incorporation into cellulose microfiber for antimicrobial purposes. Water hyacinth leaves served as the cellulose source and bioreductor for nanoparticle synthesis. Ultrasonication facilitated the process, with characterisation involving FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM, and XRD for cellulose microfibers, and UV-Vis and PSA for nanoparticles. Antimicrobial tests targeted Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans. The UV–VIS analysis revealed an absorption peak at 241 nm, while particle size analysis (PSA) indicated an average size of 70.6 nm, confirming the formation of silver nanoparticles synthesised using water hyacinth leaf extract as a reducing agent. The cellulose microfibers prepared from water hyacinth stems and modified with silver nanoparticles exhibited a lighter, paler, and whiter appearance. UV–Vis characterisation of the cellulose microfibers showed an absorption peak at 281 nm. XRD analysis identified crystalline regions at 2θ = 22.08° with a crystallinity index of 37.385%. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of –OH functional groups at approximately 3410 cm-1 and –C–H groups at around 2908 cm-1. SEM observations revealed fibrillar structures forming fibres with diameters of approximately 1 µm. The 1:1 cellulose-nanoparticle sample showed the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, while the 1:2 sample was most effective against Staphylococcus epidermidis. © 2026, Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, c/o Dr. Pratima Sharma. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar
