Pahrudin Pahrudin, Li-Wei Liu, Rezzy Eko Caraka, Adin Gustina, Nur Anita Yunikawati, Prana Ugiana Gio, Cheng-Yu Tsai
The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of the university entrepreneurship environment through the theory of planned behavior toward the intention to start up a new business in Indonesian higher education. The study hypotheses are tested using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with 540 respondents. In addition, Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) is used to examine the educational background of economic-business and non-economic majors toward intention to start a business. The results show that the university entrepreneurship environment in higher education, such as curriculum, education, and training of entrepreneurs, lecturer competence, and university support, were successfully significant in TPB constructs such as attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. The multi-group implied that the education background has an overall difference across two education background groups between the internal perception process and students' intention. Our results contribute toward the stakeholders, entrepreneurs, and policymakers designing a program and promoting entrepreneurship to shape the student behavior intention to start a business in higher education. Moreover, the significant role of educational background suggests that policymakers should pay attention to educational background in making strategies and programs to shape students’ intention to start a business. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd
Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Universitas Hamzanwadi, Indonesia; Department of Leisure Service Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan; Research center for Data and Information Sciences, Research organization for Electronics and Informatics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia; School of Economics and Business Telkom University, Bandung, 40257, Indonesia; Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Development economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Center for Physical Education, Aletheia University, Taipei, Taiwan
