Hartono Hadjarati, Fadli Ihsan, Risna Podungge, Ella H. Tumaloto, Serhii Kozin
Background and purpose Periodization strategies have a central role in resistance training, allowing the planned regulation of training volume and intensity to achieve improved athlete performance. However, with the variety of periodization models available and the factors that influence their effectiveness, an in-depth understanding of the most effective approaches is required to optimize training program design. This article aims is to conduct a systematic review of the existing literature to develop a systematic framework on periodization strategies in resistance training, focusing on program design and progression. Material and methods A systematic review was conducted by identifying relevant studies through searches in academic databases and related literature repositories. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established for study selection, and the selection process was conducted independently by two researchers. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were then evaluated for key findings relevant to the purpose of this study. Results The main findings of this review include the variety of periodization models used in resistance training, factors that influence the effectiveness of periodization strategies, and common patterns in the use of periodization strategies by coaches and fitness professionals. Previously developed periodization models, such as linear and non-linear periodization, as well as modern approaches that emphasize individualization, were the focus of the analysis. Factors such as athletes' individual needs, circadian rhythm, and psychological factors were also debated in the reviewed literature. Conclusions This systematic review provides valuable insight into periodization strategies in resistance training. Practical implications include the importance of considering athletes' individual needs in the design of training programs, as well as constantly evaluating and adjusting programs based on the latest knowledge. Recommendations for future research include calls for further study in areas that are still not fully understood, as well as the development of practical guidelines that can assist coaches in implementing periodization strategies more effectively. By using a systematic approach in the design and progression of periodization programs, sports practitioners can ensure that athletes have a strong foundation to reach their full potential in competition. © Hadjarati H, Ihsan F, Podungge R, Tumaloto EH, Kozin SV., 2025.
Faculty Of Sport and Health, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia; Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia; National University of Pharmacy, Ukraine
